We can be happy about many things: it’s going to be sunny today; your favorite team won the game; the item you’ve been eyeing went on sale. Joy is different. Joy is about deep relational connection, that according to clinical psychologist Dr. Jim Wilder, comes from being with people who are glad to be with you. We yearn for this joy, as we came to realize during Covid-19’s forced isolation. Gathering together is life-giving, and a fundamental consideration of residential design. How our homes accommodate or frustrate, how we like to socialize will have a profound impact on our happiness.
Most floor plans from Design Basics are color-coded, with yellow denoting areas at a glance commonly thought of for entertaining. Just 45’-wide (a concession to today’s narrower homesites) in the new Myles Estate plan #9303 shown, most get-togethers will take place towards the back of this plan. The octagonal Family Room with trayed ceiling is open to the kitchen and eating areas. The large kitchen is also shaded yellow, as it is thought of just as much as an entertaining space as for its functional aspects. Under its octagonal ceiling, the casual eating area enjoys a high level of natural light, and people tend to gather in sunny spaces. Just beyond, the rear porch invites the party outside while providing shade as well as shelter from the rain for your outdoor kitchen.
Though shaded blue (de-stressing), this design’s front courtyard may also serve as an outdoor entertaining space, extending onto the arched front porch. Front and/or back, sheltering in place due to the pandemic taught us all a new appreciation for outdoor living spaces. There’s also a formal dining room to the front with double doors to that porch, bringing the outside in. That space was shaded green, signifying its flexibility. This house plan includes the option of re-purposing that dining room as a study/home office.
A green highlight was also used to identify the flexible nature of the upstairs game room, as the design includes the option for making that space yet another bedroom. Having a second entertaining area on another floor of your home solves the issue of where the kids can hang out as well as helping minimize noise, minimizing interruption of your get-together.
Decades ago, residential design emphasized the separation of formal and informal entertaining spaces. Formal entertaining bordered on being an event, involving lots of preparation. As a nation, we’ve become more casual in terms of having others into our homes. Many home buyers, particularly millennials, eschew the notion of a formal dinner party, in favor of simpler meals which may be pot-lucks with everyone bringing a dish. Can’t seat everyone around a single table? Not an issue, we can eat in the living room too. Popular with first-time new home buyers is plan #35112, Kendra Springs, with its open floor plan layout fostering connection, allowing everyone to be a part of the action.
Taller ceilings in an entertaining area add interest and intrigue as well as providing room definition in an open floor plan. Notice the gap between the vaulted ceiling area (dashed line) and the kitchen island. That space means island seating need not infringe on the Family Room. And having used the extra time at home due to Covid to hone their cooking skills, a Hunter Report shows homeowners more confident and creative in the kitchen, with 71% of respondents intending to cook more at home after the pandemic ends.
Budget-conscious home buyers prize outdoor entertaining too. At 8’-4” deep, the Kendra Springs covered front porch is a wonderful place for impromptu time spent with neighbors. Off the dining area, there is a suggested 12’ wide by 10’ deep patio or deck. Bridging indoor and outdoor socializing, this house plan also includes the option of a 15’ by 12’ Sunroom behind the Family Room.
Open floor plan layouts are conducive to spending time together. And when you desire solitude, the bathrooms and closets in this design are arranged for bedroom privacy.
The pandemic accelerated the existing trend towards technology connections, as digital media, game streaming, and ZOOM calls brought us together, even if it was virtually. Media-based entertaining has long been a reason for getting together, now just more so. Though we can again gather in person, friends and visitors in our homes expect high-speed internet access.
Senior home buyers rank socializing as highly as millennials but have different priorities. Aging-in-place amenities such as no-step entries, plus wider doors and halls make it possible to enjoy friends’ company regardless of their mobility. A parallel consideration is barrier-free access to a rear deck or patio, removing any obstacle someone using a wheelchair or walker might encounter when transitioning to the outside. Open floor plans make getting around in the home easier. And since less light gets through their eyes’ lenses due to the aging process, senior-oriented entertaining areas should be light, bright, and airy.
Here on the other side of the Covid-19 pandemic, we’ve got a keener appreciation for the joys of being together. While people’s entertaining styles and preferences vary, space in the home designed to bring us together is so important! Exclusively at DesignBasics.com, you can search home designs that prioritize entertaining. After clicking the Plan Search tab at the top of the home page, scroll down the left side of the search page to Search By Livability. Clicking on one of the buttons towards “Most” for Entertaining, along with your other search criteria such as square footage and the number of bedrooms, will show plans with the strongest entertaining amenities first! We invite you to give it a try!
For more resources on thoughtful design:
Photo: <a href='https://www.freepik.com/photos/people'>People photo created by yanalya - www.freepik.com</a>
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Viewing: /var/www/designbasics/wp-includes/class-wp-image-editor-gd.php
<?php
/**
* WordPress GD Image Editor
*
* @package WordPress
* @subpackage Image_Editor
*/
/**
* WordPress Image Editor Class for Image Manipulation through GD
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @see WP_Image_Editor
*/
class WP_Image_Editor_GD extends WP_Image_Editor {
/**
* GD Resource.
*
* @var resource|GdImage
*/
protected $image;
public function __destruct() {
if ( $this->image ) {
// We don't need the original in memory anymore.
imagedestroy( $this->image );
}
}
/**
* Checks to see if current environment supports GD.
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @param array $args
* @return bool
*/
public static function test( $args = array() ) {
if ( ! extension_loaded( 'gd' ) || ! function_exists( 'gd_info' ) ) {
return false;
}
// On some setups GD library does not provide imagerotate() - Ticket #11536.
if ( isset( $args['methods'] ) &&
in_array( 'rotate', $args['methods'], true ) &&
! function_exists( 'imagerotate' ) ) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* Checks to see if editor supports the mime-type specified.
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @param string $mime_type
* @return bool
*/
public static function supports_mime_type( $mime_type ) {
$image_types = imagetypes();
switch ( $mime_type ) {
case 'image/jpeg':
return ( $image_types & IMG_JPG ) !== 0;
case 'image/png':
return ( $image_types & IMG_PNG ) !== 0;
case 'image/gif':
return ( $image_types & IMG_GIF ) !== 0;
case 'image/webp':
return ( $image_types & IMG_WEBP ) !== 0;
case 'image/avif':
return ( $image_types & IMG_AVIF ) !== 0 && function_exists( 'imageavif' );
}
return false;
}
/**
* Loads image from $this->file into new GD Resource.
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @return true|WP_Error True if loaded successfully; WP_Error on failure.
*/
public function load() {
if ( $this->image ) {
return true;
}
if ( ! is_file( $this->file ) && ! preg_match( '|^https?://|', $this->file ) ) {
return new WP_Error( 'error_loading_image', __( 'File does not exist?' ), $this->file );
}
// Set artificially high because GD uses uncompressed images in memory.
wp_raise_memory_limit( 'image' );
$file_contents = @file_get_contents( $this->file );
if ( ! $file_contents ) {
return new WP_Error( 'error_loading_image', __( 'File does not exist?' ), $this->file );
}
// WebP may not work with imagecreatefromstring().
if (
function_exists( 'imagecreatefromwebp' ) &&
( 'image/webp' === wp_get_image_mime( $this->file ) )
) {
$this->image = @imagecreatefromwebp( $this->file );
} else {
$this->image = @imagecreatefromstring( $file_contents );
}
// AVIF may not work with imagecreatefromstring().
if (
function_exists( 'imagecreatefromavif' ) &&
( 'image/avif' === wp_get_image_mime( $this->file ) )
) {
$this->image = @imagecreatefromavif( $this->file );
} else {
$this->image = @imagecreatefromstring( $file_contents );
}
if ( ! is_gd_image( $this->image ) ) {
return new WP_Error( 'invalid_image', __( 'File is not an image.' ), $this->file );
}
$size = wp_getimagesize( $this->file );
if ( ! $size ) {
return new WP_Error( 'invalid_image', __( 'Could not read image size.' ), $this->file );
}
if ( function_exists( 'imagealphablending' ) && function_exists( 'imagesavealpha' ) ) {
imagealphablending( $this->image, false );
imagesavealpha( $this->image, true );
}
$this->update_size( $size[0], $size[1] );
$this->mime_type = $size['mime'];
return $this->set_quality();
}
/**
* Sets or updates current image size.
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @param int $width
* @param int $height
* @return true
*/
protected function update_size( $width = false, $height = false ) {
if ( ! $width ) {
$width = imagesx( $this->image );
}
if ( ! $height ) {
$height = imagesy( $this->image );
}
return parent::update_size( $width, $height );
}
/**
* Resizes current image.
*
* Wraps `::_resize()` which returns a GD resource or GdImage instance.
*
* At minimum, either a height or width must be provided. If one of the two is set
* to null, the resize will maintain aspect ratio according to the provided dimension.
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @param int|null $max_w Image width.
* @param int|null $max_h Image height.
* @param bool|array $crop {
* Optional. Image cropping behavior. If false, the image will be scaled (default).
* If true, image will be cropped to the specified dimensions using center positions.
* If an array, the image will be cropped using the array to specify the crop location:
*
* @type string $0 The x crop position. Accepts 'left' 'center', or 'right'.
* @type string $1 The y crop position. Accepts 'top', 'center', or 'bottom'.
* }
* @return true|WP_Error
*/
public function resize( $max_w, $max_h, $crop = false ) {
if ( ( $this->size['width'] === $max_w ) && ( $this->size['height'] === $max_h ) ) {
return true;
}
$resized = $this->_resize( $max_w, $max_h, $crop );
if ( is_gd_image( $resized ) ) {
imagedestroy( $this->image );
$this->image = $resized;
return true;
} elseif ( is_wp_error( $resized ) ) {
return $resized;
}
return new WP_Error( 'image_resize_error', __( 'Image resize failed.' ), $this->file );
}
/**
* @param int $max_w
* @param int $max_h
* @param bool|array $crop {
* Optional. Image cropping behavior. If false, the image will be scaled (default).
* If true, image will be cropped to the specified dimensions using center positions.
* If an array, the image will be cropped using the array to specify the crop location:
*
* @type string $0 The x crop position. Accepts 'left' 'center', or 'right'.
* @type string $1 The y crop position. Accepts 'top', 'center', or 'bottom'.
* }
* @return resource|GdImage|WP_Error
*/
protected function _resize( $max_w, $max_h, $crop = false ) {
$dims = image_resize_dimensions( $this->size['width'], $this->size['height'], $max_w, $max_h, $crop );
if ( ! $dims ) {
return new WP_Error( 'error_getting_dimensions', __( 'Could not calculate resized image dimensions' ), $this->file );
}
list( $dst_x, $dst_y, $src_x, $src_y, $dst_w, $dst_h, $src_w, $src_h ) = $dims;
$resized = wp_imagecreatetruecolor( $dst_w, $dst_h );
imagecopyresampled( $resized, $this->image, $dst_x, $dst_y, $src_x, $src_y, $dst_w, $dst_h, $src_w, $src_h );
if ( is_gd_image( $resized ) ) {
$this->update_size( $dst_w, $dst_h );
return $resized;
}
return new WP_Error( 'image_resize_error', __( 'Image resize failed.' ), $this->file );
}
/**
* Create multiple smaller images from a single source.
*
* Attempts to create all sub-sizes and returns the meta data at the end. This
* may result in the server running out of resources. When it fails there may be few
* "orphaned" images left over as the meta data is never returned and saved.
*
* As of 5.3.0 the preferred way to do this is with `make_subsize()`. It creates
* the new images one at a time and allows for the meta data to be saved after
* each new image is created.
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @param array $sizes {
* An array of image size data arrays.
*
* Either a height or width must be provided.
* If one of the two is set to null, the resize will
* maintain aspect ratio according to the source image.
*
* @type array ...$0 {
* Array of height, width values, and whether to crop.
*
* @type int $width Image width. Optional if `$height` is specified.
* @type int $height Image height. Optional if `$width` is specified.
* @type bool|array $crop Optional. Whether to crop the image. Default false.
* }
* }
* @return array An array of resized images' metadata by size.
*/
public function multi_resize( $sizes ) {
$metadata = array();
foreach ( $sizes as $size => $size_data ) {
$meta = $this->make_subsize( $size_data );
if ( ! is_wp_error( $meta ) ) {
$metadata[ $size ] = $meta;
}
}
return $metadata;
}
/**
* Create an image sub-size and return the image meta data value for it.
*
* @since 5.3.0
*
* @param array $size_data {
* Array of size data.
*
* @type int $width The maximum width in pixels.
* @type int $height The maximum height in pixels.
* @type bool|array $crop Whether to crop the image to exact dimensions.
* }
* @return array|WP_Error The image data array for inclusion in the `sizes` array in the image meta,
* WP_Error object on error.
*/
public function make_subsize( $size_data ) {
if ( ! isset( $size_data['width'] ) && ! isset( $size_data['height'] ) ) {
return new WP_Error( 'image_subsize_create_error', __( 'Cannot resize the image. Both width and height are not set.' ) );
}
$orig_size = $this->size;
if ( ! isset( $size_data['width'] ) ) {
$size_data['width'] = null;
}
if ( ! isset( $size_data['height'] ) ) {
$size_data['height'] = null;
}
if ( ! isset( $size_data['crop'] ) ) {
$size_data['crop'] = false;
}
$resized = $this->_resize( $size_data['width'], $size_data['height'], $size_data['crop'] );
if ( is_wp_error( $resized ) ) {
$saved = $resized;
} else {
$saved = $this->_save( $resized );
imagedestroy( $resized );
}
$this->size = $orig_size;
if ( ! is_wp_error( $saved ) ) {
unset( $saved['path'] );
}
return $saved;
}
/**
* Crops Image.
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @param int $src_x The start x position to crop from.
* @param int $src_y The start y position to crop from.
* @param int $src_w The width to crop.
* @param int $src_h The height to crop.
* @param int $dst_w Optional. The destination width.
* @param int $dst_h Optional. The destination height.
* @param bool $src_abs Optional. If the source crop points are absolute.
* @return true|WP_Error
*/
public function crop( $src_x, $src_y, $src_w, $src_h, $dst_w = null, $dst_h = null, $src_abs = false ) {
/*
* If destination width/height isn't specified,
* use same as width/height from source.
*/
if ( ! $dst_w ) {
$dst_w = $src_w;
}
if ( ! $dst_h ) {
$dst_h = $src_h;
}
foreach ( array( $src_w, $src_h, $dst_w, $dst_h ) as $value ) {
if ( ! is_numeric( $value ) || (int) $value <= 0 ) {
return new WP_Error( 'image_crop_error', __( 'Image crop failed.' ), $this->file );
}
}
$dst = wp_imagecreatetruecolor( (int) $dst_w, (int) $dst_h );
if ( $src_abs ) {
$src_w -= $src_x;
$src_h -= $src_y;
}
if ( function_exists( 'imageantialias' ) ) {
imageantialias( $dst, true );
}
imagecopyresampled( $dst, $this->image, 0, 0, (int) $src_x, (int) $src_y, (int) $dst_w, (int) $dst_h, (int) $src_w, (int) $src_h );
if ( is_gd_image( $dst ) ) {
imagedestroy( $this->image );
$this->image = $dst;
$this->update_size();
return true;
}
return new WP_Error( 'image_crop_error', __( 'Image crop failed.' ), $this->file );
}
/**
* Rotates current image counter-clockwise by $angle.
* Ported from image-edit.php
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @param float $angle
* @return true|WP_Error
*/
public function rotate( $angle ) {
if ( function_exists( 'imagerotate' ) ) {
$transparency = imagecolorallocatealpha( $this->image, 255, 255, 255, 127 );
$rotated = imagerotate( $this->image, $angle, $transparency );
if ( is_gd_image( $rotated ) ) {
imagealphablending( $rotated, true );
imagesavealpha( $rotated, true );
imagedestroy( $this->image );
$this->image = $rotated;
$this->update_size();
return true;
}
}
return new WP_Error( 'image_rotate_error', __( 'Image rotate failed.' ), $this->file );
}
/**
* Flips current image.
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @param bool $horz Flip along Horizontal Axis.
* @param bool $vert Flip along Vertical Axis.
* @return true|WP_Error
*/
public function flip( $horz, $vert ) {
$w = $this->size['width'];
$h = $this->size['height'];
$dst = wp_imagecreatetruecolor( $w, $h );
if ( is_gd_image( $dst ) ) {
$sx = $vert ? ( $w - 1 ) : 0;
$sy = $horz ? ( $h - 1 ) : 0;
$sw = $vert ? -$w : $w;
$sh = $horz ? -$h : $h;
if ( imagecopyresampled( $dst, $this->image, 0, 0, $sx, $sy, $w, $h, $sw, $sh ) ) {
imagedestroy( $this->image );
$this->image = $dst;
return true;
}
}
return new WP_Error( 'image_flip_error', __( 'Image flip failed.' ), $this->file );
}
/**
* Saves current in-memory image to file.
*
* @since 3.5.0
* @since 5.9.0 Renamed `$filename` to `$destfilename` to match parent class
* for PHP 8 named parameter support.
* @since 6.0.0 The `$filesize` value was added to the returned array.
*
* @param string|null $destfilename Optional. Destination filename. Default null.
* @param string|null $mime_type Optional. The mime-type. Default null.
* @return array|WP_Error {
* Array on success or WP_Error if the file failed to save.
*
* @type string $path Path to the image file.
* @type string $file Name of the image file.
* @type int $width Image width.
* @type int $height Image height.
* @type string $mime-type The mime type of the image.
* @type int $filesize File size of the image.
* }
*/
public function save( $destfilename = null, $mime_type = null ) {
$saved = $this->_save( $this->image, $destfilename, $mime_type );
if ( ! is_wp_error( $saved ) ) {
$this->file = $saved['path'];
$this->mime_type = $saved['mime-type'];
}
return $saved;
}
/**
* @since 3.5.0
* @since 6.0.0 The `$filesize` value was added to the returned array.
*
* @param resource|GdImage $image
* @param string|null $filename
* @param string|null $mime_type
* @return array|WP_Error {
* Array on success or WP_Error if the file failed to save.
*
* @type string $path Path to the image file.
* @type string $file Name of the image file.
* @type int $width Image width.
* @type int $height Image height.
* @type string $mime-type The mime type of the image.
* @type int $filesize File size of the image.
* }
*/
protected function _save( $image, $filename = null, $mime_type = null ) {
list( $filename, $extension, $mime_type ) = $this->get_output_format( $filename, $mime_type );
if ( ! $filename ) {
$filename = $this->generate_filename( null, null, $extension );
}
if ( function_exists( 'imageinterlace' ) ) {
/**
* Filters whether to output progressive images (if available).
*
* @since 6.5.0
*
* @param bool $interlace Whether to use progressive images for output if available. Default false.
* @param string $mime_type The mime type being saved.
*/
imageinterlace( $image, apply_filters( 'image_save_progressive', false, $mime_type ) );
}
if ( 'image/gif' === $mime_type ) {
if ( ! $this->make_image( $filename, 'imagegif', array( $image, $filename ) ) ) {
return new WP_Error( 'image_save_error', __( 'Image Editor Save Failed' ) );
}
} elseif ( 'image/png' === $mime_type ) {
// Convert from full colors to index colors, like original PNG.
if ( function_exists( 'imageistruecolor' ) && ! imageistruecolor( $image ) ) {
imagetruecolortopalette( $image, false, imagecolorstotal( $image ) );
}
if ( ! $this->make_image( $filename, 'imagepng', array( $image, $filename ) ) ) {
return new WP_Error( 'image_save_error', __( 'Image Editor Save Failed' ) );
}
} elseif ( 'image/jpeg' === $mime_type ) {
if ( ! $this->make_image( $filename, 'imagejpeg', array( $image, $filename, $this->get_quality() ) ) ) {
return new WP_Error( 'image_save_error', __( 'Image Editor Save Failed' ) );
}
} elseif ( 'image/webp' === $mime_type ) {
if ( ! function_exists( 'imagewebp' )
|| ! $this->make_image( $filename, 'imagewebp', array( $image, $filename, $this->get_quality() ) )
) {
return new WP_Error( 'image_save_error', __( 'Image Editor Save Failed' ) );
}
} elseif ( 'image/avif' === $mime_type ) {
if ( ! function_exists( 'imageavif' )
|| ! $this->make_image( $filename, 'imageavif', array( $image, $filename, $this->get_quality() ) )
) {
return new WP_Error( 'image_save_error', __( 'Image Editor Save Failed' ) );
}
} else {
return new WP_Error( 'image_save_error', __( 'Image Editor Save Failed' ) );
}
// Set correct file permissions.
$stat = stat( dirname( $filename ) );
$perms = $stat['mode'] & 0000666; // Same permissions as parent folder, strip off the executable bits.
chmod( $filename, $perms );
return array(
'path' => $filename,
/**
* Filters the name of the saved image file.
*
* @since 2.6.0
*
* @param string $filename Name of the file.
*/
'file' => wp_basename( apply_filters( 'image_make_intermediate_size', $filename ) ),
'width' => $this->size['width'],
'height' => $this->size['height'],
'mime-type' => $mime_type,
'filesize' => wp_filesize( $filename ),
);
}
/**
* Returns stream of current image.
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @param string $mime_type The mime type of the image.
* @return bool True on success, false on failure.
*/
public function stream( $mime_type = null ) {
list( $filename, $extension, $mime_type ) = $this->get_output_format( null, $mime_type );
switch ( $mime_type ) {
case 'image/png':
header( 'Content-Type: image/png' );
return imagepng( $this->image );
case 'image/gif':
header( 'Content-Type: image/gif' );
return imagegif( $this->image );
case 'image/webp':
if ( function_exists( 'imagewebp' ) ) {
header( 'Content-Type: image/webp' );
return imagewebp( $this->image, null, $this->get_quality() );
} else {
// Fall back to JPEG.
header( 'Content-Type: image/jpeg' );
return imagejpeg( $this->image, null, $this->get_quality() );
}
case 'image/avif':
if ( function_exists( 'imageavif' ) ) {
header( 'Content-Type: image/avif' );
return imageavif( $this->image, null, $this->get_quality() );
}
// Fall back to JPEG.
default:
header( 'Content-Type: image/jpeg' );
return imagejpeg( $this->image, null, $this->get_quality() );
}
}
/**
* Either calls editor's save function or handles file as a stream.
*
* @since 3.5.0
*
* @param string $filename
* @param callable $callback
* @param array $arguments
* @return bool
*/
protected function make_image( $filename, $callback, $arguments ) {
if ( wp_is_stream( $filename ) ) {
$arguments[1] = null;
}
return parent::make_image( $filename, $callback, $arguments );
}
}