“It’s Raining In The Basement!”
True story. Eight days after moving into their newly-built home, while Mom and Dad were away, one of their children was interrupted and left the water running in the laundry room sink. A few minutes later another one of their kids who was playing video games starts yelling “It’s raining in the basement!” Making matters worse, this was a 2-story home with a second-floor laundry room! By the time Mom and Dad got home, their drywall ceiling was little more than white mush soaking into their brand-new wood kitchen floors. At least the basement wasn’t finished! A few days later they had a water leak detection system with wireless sensors which, if they got wet, would shut the water off to the entire house. At worst they would have a small puddle to wipe up. Lesson learned – the hard way.
Further complicating the situation, all four of the kids and that Mom suffered from asthma. They had prioritized wellness and spent extra money on low-VOC materials and a high-performance air purification system. After having baseboards torn off, drywall cut out, and running huge fans to dry things out, the owners’ concerns turned to mold. Fortunately, this was a one-time event and things dried out properly. Mold tends to thrive in high humidity and areas which repeatedly get wet, such as bathrooms.
While most people’s thoughts turn to the conservation of natural resources when hearing “high-performance home”, the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) recognized “wellness” as an essential element of building such a home. Our last post looked primarily at indoor air quality and your wellness. The NAHB further identified mold prevention and natural light levels as essential aspects of wellness.
Remove excess humidity in the home
Bathing and showering release lots of water into the air, just look at your steamed-over mirrors! For your family’s wellness as well as to prevent damage to your home, that excess humidity needs to be removed. Opening a bathroom window can do the trick, but a year-round solution is having a properly-sized bathroom exhaust fan vented directly to the outside (not just up into the attic where the moisture can accumulate and cause problems undetected.) Bathroom ventilation fans are rated in cubic feet of air moved per minute (CFM), so to choose the right size fan, first figure your bathroom’s size by multiplying your bathroom’s length x width x height. Divide that number by 60 minutes, and then finally multiply by 8, the suggested number of air changes per hour for a bathroom.
If you were sizing a fan for the Bonham plan 42239V Suite’s bathroom:
- 15’-5”L x 9’-8”W x 9’H = 1342 cubic feet
- 1342 ÷ 60 = 22.4
- 4 x 8 = 179
Therefore, you would look for a bathroom fan rated for at least 179 CFM. Also, consider the fan’s sound rating. While some fans are so quiet you won’t hear them running, others are annoyingly loud. You’ll recall, quiet, addressed in the first post in this series, is another aspect of a high-performance home.
As with a bathroom vent fan that merely ducts the humidity into an attic, water regularly accumulating somewhere you’re not likely to see is a recipe for mold problems. That’s why homes should be built with a moisture barrier such as housewrap products on the outside of the home, helping prevent water from seeping through the siding materials. Similarly, the roof felt under your shingles helps keep water from leaking into your attic, repeatedly wetting the wood framing members and creating an environment for mold growth.
Did you know air conditioning’s original purpose was dehumidification – not cooling? Your home’s HVAC system plays an important role in establishing healthy overall levels of humidity in your home. Your AC helps remove humidity from warm, moist summertime air, as the air coming out of your air conditioner is much drier. You may also have a humidifier integrated into your furnace system to add humidity to cold, dry, wintertime air, helping you avoid dry, scratchy throats and similar discomforts.
Ecobee’s smart thermostats make it easy to control your home’s humidity levels as well as temperatures in your home. www.ecobee.com
Our former blog post, Designing With Natural Light, looked at the wonderful aesthetic opportunities afforded by daylight in your home. As seen in the sidebar, there is also an increasing understanding of health-related issues associated with sunlight.
The Bonham design’s eating area and Suite bedroom illustrate a desirable amenity – windows on two sides of the room for increased levels of natural light from two directions. A high transom window helps illuminate the bathroom, reducing eyestrain and the frustration associated with how different light bulbs render makeup colors differently. Also, there’s a window in the walk-in closet which provides a parallel benefit, making it easier to discern navy blue from black.
Single-wide windows in bedrooms 2 and 3 of the Bonham design meet building code requirements for egress, but the double-wide windows provide twice as much sunlight. The number of windows, their size, and placement, along with your home’s orientation to the sun, are key factors to consider. Of course, energy efficiency is a prime consideration when looking at high-performance windows. Opposite of insulation R-values in which higher numbers mean better insulating properties, window performance is measured in U-factors, in which lower numbers indicate better insulation.
Covered porches are very popular as they provide cool shade as well as shelter from the rain, but they also cut down the amount of sunlight making its way into the Great Room. Skylights to the rescue! Denoted by the dashed red lines, sunlight streams through three skylights in the Bonham’s Great Room filling your open entertaining area with natural light, creating a delightful, sunny place in this home for everyone to enjoy. A skylight is also suggested in the home’s interior laundry room where no window is possible, easing the frustration of poor lighting common with windowless areas in the home.
First, we examined high-performance homes in terms of comfort. Then how they can contribute to your overall wellness. Join us next time as we turn to the NAHB’s other aspects of high-performance home building – efficient use of water and energy.
For more resources on thoughtful design and products:
Current Dir: /var/www/designbasics/
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Viewing: /var/www/designbasics/wp-activate.php
<?php
/**
* Confirms that the activation key that is sent in an email after a user signs
* up for a new site matches the key for that user and then displays confirmation.
*
* @package WordPress
*/
define( 'WP_INSTALLING', true );
/** Sets up the WordPress Environment. */
require __DIR__ . '/wp-load.php';
require __DIR__ . '/wp-blog-header.php';
if ( ! is_multisite() ) {
wp_redirect( wp_registration_url() );
die();
}
$valid_error_codes = array( 'already_active', 'blog_taken' );
list( $activate_path ) = explode( '?', wp_unslash( $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] ) );
$activate_cookie = 'wp-activate-' . COOKIEHASH;
$key = '';
$result = null;
if ( isset( $_GET['key'] ) && isset( $_POST['key'] ) && $_GET['key'] !== $_POST['key'] ) {
wp_die( __( 'A key value mismatch has been detected. Please follow the link provided in your activation email.' ), __( 'An error occurred during the activation' ), 400 );
} elseif ( ! empty( $_GET['key'] ) ) {
$key = $_GET['key'];
} elseif ( ! empty( $_POST['key'] ) ) {
$key = $_POST['key'];
}
if ( $key ) {
$redirect_url = remove_query_arg( 'key' );
if ( remove_query_arg( false ) !== $redirect_url ) {
setcookie( $activate_cookie, $key, 0, $activate_path, COOKIE_DOMAIN, is_ssl(), true );
wp_safe_redirect( $redirect_url );
exit;
} else {
$result = wpmu_activate_signup( $key );
}
}
if ( null === $result && isset( $_COOKIE[ $activate_cookie ] ) ) {
$key = $_COOKIE[ $activate_cookie ];
$result = wpmu_activate_signup( $key );
setcookie( $activate_cookie, ' ', time() - YEAR_IN_SECONDS, $activate_path, COOKIE_DOMAIN, is_ssl(), true );
}
if ( null === $result || ( is_wp_error( $result ) && 'invalid_key' === $result->get_error_code() ) ) {
status_header( 404 );
} elseif ( is_wp_error( $result ) ) {
$error_code = $result->get_error_code();
if ( ! in_array( $error_code, $valid_error_codes, true ) ) {
status_header( 400 );
}
}
nocache_headers();
if ( is_object( $wp_object_cache ) ) {
$wp_object_cache->cache_enabled = false;
}
// Fix for page title.
$wp_query->is_404 = false;
/**
* Fires before the Site Activation page is loaded.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*/
do_action( 'activate_header' );
/**
* Adds an action hook specific to this page.
*
* Fires on {@see 'wp_head'}.
*
* @since MU (3.0.0)
*/
function do_activate_header() {
/**
* Fires within the `<head>` section of the Site Activation page.
*
* Fires on the {@see 'wp_head'} action.
*
* @since 3.0.0
*/
do_action( 'activate_wp_head' );
}
add_action( 'wp_head', 'do_activate_header' );
/**
* Loads styles specific to this page.
*
* @since MU (3.0.0)
*/
function wpmu_activate_stylesheet() {
?>
<style type="text/css">
.wp-activate-container { width: 90%; margin: 0 auto; }
.wp-activate-container form { margin-top: 2em; }
#submit, #key { width: 100%; font-size: 24px; box-sizing: border-box; }
#language { margin-top: 0.5em; }
.wp-activate-container .error { background: #f66; color: #333; }
span.h3 { padding: 0 8px; font-size: 1.3em; font-weight: 600; }
</style>
<?php
}
add_action( 'wp_head', 'wpmu_activate_stylesheet' );
add_action( 'wp_head', 'wp_strict_cross_origin_referrer' );
add_filter( 'wp_robots', 'wp_robots_sensitive_page' );
get_header( 'wp-activate' );
$blog_details = get_site();
?>
<div id="signup-content" class="widecolumn">
<div class="wp-activate-container">
<?php if ( ! $key ) { ?>
<h2><?php _e( 'Activation Key Required' ); ?></h2>
<form name="activateform" id="activateform" method="post" action="<?php echo esc_url( network_site_url( $blog_details->path . 'wp-activate.php' ) ); ?>">
<p>
<label for="key"><?php _e( 'Activation Key:' ); ?></label>
<br /><input type="text" name="key" id="key" value="" size="50" autofocus="autofocus" />
</p>
<p class="submit">
<input id="submit" type="submit" name="Submit" class="submit" value="<?php esc_attr_e( 'Activate' ); ?>" />
</p>
</form>
<?php
} else {
if ( is_wp_error( $result ) && in_array( $result->get_error_code(), $valid_error_codes, true ) ) {
$signup = $result->get_error_data();
?>
<h2><?php _e( 'Your account is now active!' ); ?></h2>
<?php
echo '<p class="lead-in">';
if ( '' === $signup->domain . $signup->path ) {
printf(
/* translators: 1: Login URL, 2: Username, 3: User email address, 4: Lost password URL. */
__( 'Your account has been activated. You may now <a href="%1$s">log in</a> to the site using your chosen username of “%2$s”. Please check your email inbox at %3$s for your password and login instructions. If you do not receive an email, please check your junk or spam folder. If you still do not receive an email within an hour, you can <a href="%4$s">reset your password</a>.' ),
esc_url( network_site_url( $blog_details->path . 'wp-login.php', 'login' ) ),
esc_html( $signup->user_login ),
esc_html( $signup->user_email ),
esc_url( wp_lostpassword_url() )
);
} else {
printf(
/* translators: 1: Site URL, 2: Username, 3: User email address, 4: Lost password URL. */
__( 'Your site at %1$s is active. You may now log in to your site using your chosen username of “%2$s”. Please check your email inbox at %3$s for your password and login instructions. If you do not receive an email, please check your junk or spam folder. If you still do not receive an email within an hour, you can <a href="%4$s">reset your password</a>.' ),
sprintf( '<a href="http://%1$s">%1$s</a>', esc_url( $signup->domain . $blog_details->path ) ),
esc_html( $signup->user_login ),
esc_html( $signup->user_email ),
esc_url( wp_lostpassword_url() )
);
}
echo '</p>';
} elseif ( null === $result || is_wp_error( $result ) ) {
?>
<h2><?php _e( 'An error occurred during the activation' ); ?></h2>
<?php if ( is_wp_error( $result ) ) : ?>
<p><?php echo esc_html( $result->get_error_message() ); ?></p>
<?php endif; ?>
<?php
} else {
$url = isset( $result['blog_id'] ) ? esc_url( get_home_url( (int) $result['blog_id'] ) ) : '';
$user = get_userdata( (int) $result['user_id'] );
?>
<h2><?php _e( 'Your account is now active!' ); ?></h2>
<div id="signup-welcome">
<p><span class="h3"><?php _e( 'Username:' ); ?></span> <?php echo esc_html( $user->user_login ); ?></p>
<p><span class="h3"><?php _e( 'Password:' ); ?></span> <?php echo esc_html( $result['password'] ); ?></p>
</div>
<?php
if ( $url && network_home_url( '', 'http' ) !== $url ) :
switch_to_blog( (int) $result['blog_id'] );
$login_url = wp_login_url();
restore_current_blog();
?>
<p class="view">
<?php
/* translators: 1: Site URL, 2: Login URL. */
printf( __( 'Your account is now activated. <a href="%1$s">View your site</a> or <a href="%2$s">Log in</a>' ), esc_url( $url ), esc_url( $login_url ) );
?>
</p>
<?php else : ?>
<p class="view">
<?php
printf(
/* translators: 1: Login URL, 2: Network home URL. */
__( 'Your account is now activated. <a href="%1$s">Log in</a> or go back to the <a href="%2$s">homepage</a>.' ),
esc_url( network_site_url( $blog_details->path . 'wp-login.php', 'login' ) ),
esc_url( network_home_url( $blog_details->path ) )
);
?>
</p>
<?php
endif;
}
}
?>
</div>
</div>
<?php
get_footer( 'wp-activate' );
